In generating station or substations, a constant voltage under varying load conditions can be maintained with the help of induction regulators. They are also used for varying the voltage of an a.c. supply. It performs the function of independent voltage regulation which compensates for various drops in the line.
The induction regulator is a special type of transformer in which the axes of primary and secondary windings can be rotated with respect to each other. The primary winding is excited by a.c. supply while the secondary winding is connected in series with the outgoing side of the line. Thus the induced voltage in the secondary winding is either added to or subtracted from the supply voltage based on the relative angular positions of the primary and secondary windings.
The induction regulators are either single phase or three phase type. The constructional features of three phase induction regulators are similar to that of three phase induction regulators are similar to that of three phase slip ring type induction motors. But the rotor is not required to be rotated continuously as in case of motoring operation. For convenience and simplicity in operation, the shaft is arranged vertically and brought out to a pinion or gear wheel engaging with a worm which enables to adjustment of rotor position over a pole pitch.
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